fa بررسی اثر رزمارینیک‌اسید بر افسردگی توسط آزمون‌های شنای اجباری و آویزان کردن از دم در مدل موش کوچک آزمایشگاهی در مقایسه با سیتالوپرام عمومى General پژوهشي Research <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:87%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span lang="FA" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="line-height:87%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">داروهای ضدافسردگی رایج دارای عوارض گوناگون و گاه جدی می‌باشند که می‌توانند سبب عدم تحمل و قطع خودسرانه مصرف دارو از سوی بیمار ‌شوند. در این تحقیق اثرات ضدافسردگی رزمارینیک‌اسید در موش</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:87%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&lrm;</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="line-height:87%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">های سوری به کمک آزمون شنای اجباری</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:87%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">(FST)</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="line-height:87%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> و آزمون آویزان کردن از</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="line-height:87%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">دم</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="line-height:87%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">(</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:87%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">TST</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="line-height:87%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">)</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="line-height:87%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">بررسی شد. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:87%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="line-height:87%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt">روش‌کار: </span></span></span></span></b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="line-height:87%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt">به این منظور تزریق داخل صفاقی رزمارینیک‌اسید با دوزهای 50،</span></span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="line-height:87%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt">20، 10 و </span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:87%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt">mg/kg</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="line-height:87%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt">5، در 5 گروه از موش‌ها و همچنین گاواژ سوسپانسیون سیتالوپرام با دوز&shy;های </span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:87%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt">mg/kg</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="line-height:87%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt">15 در 2 گروه و تزریق نرمال‌سالین در گروه کنترل</span></span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="line-height:87%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt">به مدت 7 روز انجام و سپس آزمون&shy;های </span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:87%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt">FST</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="line-height:87%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt"> و </span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:87%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt">TST</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="line-height:87%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt"> انجام شد. میانگین‌ </span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="line-height:87%"><span cambria="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt">&plusmn;</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="line-height:87%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt"> خطای استاندارد داده&shy;های‌ بدست ‌آمده از ‌هر گروه ‌بطور ‌جداگانه ‌با ‌یکدیگر ‌توسط ‌آزمون ‌</span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:87%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt"> ANOVA</span></span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="line-height:87%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt"> یک طرفه‌</span></span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="line-height:87%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt">تجزیه ‌و ‌تحلیل‌ شده ‌و ‌در ‌هر ‌تست مقدار‌</span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:87%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt">P<0.05&nbsp; </span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="line-height:87%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt">&nbsp;معنی‌دار‌ در‌ نظر ‌گرفته شد. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:87%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="line-height:87%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt">یافته‌ها: </span></span></span></span></b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="line-height:87%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt">رزمارینیک‌اسید در دوز&shy;های 5، 10و </span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:87%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt">mg/kg</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="line-height:87%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt">20 در هر دو آزمون </span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:87%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt">FST</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="line-height:87%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt"> و </span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:87%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt">TST</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="line-height:87%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt"> دارای اثرات ضدافسردگی معنی‌داری در مقایسه با گروه دریافت کننده نرمال‌سالین بود (</span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:87%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt">P<0.05</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="line-height:87%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt">) و همچنین در گروه دریافت کنندۀ سیتالوپرام </span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:87%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt">mg/kg</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="line-height:87%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt">15 به همراه </span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:87%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt">mg/kg</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="line-height:87%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt">50 رزمارینیک‌اسید تفاوت معنی‌داری در اثرات ضدافسردگی در مقایسه با گروه دریافت کننده نرمال‌سالین مشاهده گردید (</span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:87%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt">P<0.01</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="line-height:87%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt">)</span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:87%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt">.</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="line-height:87%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt"> دوز </span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:87%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt">mg/kg</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="line-height:87%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt">50</span></span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="line-height:87%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt">رزمارینیک‌اسید اثرات ضدافسردگی قابل توجهی در مقایسه با گروه کنترل نداشت. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:87%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="line-height:87%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">نتیجه‌گیری: </span></span></span></b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="line-height:87%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">یافته‌ها حاکی از آن است که رزمارینیک‌اسید در دوزهای کم و متوسط دارای اثرات مشهود و قابل توجه ضدافسردگی در مقایسه با گروه کنترل نرمال‌سالین بوده اما برتری مشهودی در مقایسه با سیتالوپرام ندارد. دردوز بالای رزمارینیک‌اسید اثر ضدافسردگی مشاهده نگردید که می‌تواند از غلبۀ اثرات آرامبخش آن نشأت گرفته‌ باشد. لذا می‌توان نتیجه گرفت که اثرات ضدافسردگی این ماده، وابسته به دوز نبوده و از منحنی دوز-پاسخ </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:87%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">U</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="line-height:87%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> شکل پیروی می‌کند.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></div> &nbsp; <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Background: </span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Common anti-depressant drugs have various and sometimes serious side effects that can cause intolerance and arbitrary discontinuation of the drug by the patient. In this research, the anti-depressant effects of rosmarinic acid were investigated in mice and in groups of seven members using the forced swimming test (FST) and tail suspension test (TST). </span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Methods:</span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> For this purpose, intraperitoneal injection of rosmarinic acid with doses of 50, 20, 10, and 5 mg/kg in 5 groups of rats, as well as gavage of citalopram suspension with doses of 15 mg/kg in 2 groups and injection of normal saline in the control group for 7 days and then the FST and TST tests were performed. The mean &plusmn; standard error of the data obtained from each group was analyzed separately by one-way ANOVA test and P<0.05 was considered significant in each test.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Results:</span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> Rosmarinic acid in doses of 5, 10, and 20 mg/kg in both FST and TST tests had significant antidepressant effects compared to the group receiving normal saline (P<0.05) and also in the group receiving citalopram 15 mg/kg along with 50 mg/kg. Rosmarinic acid showed a significant difference in antidepressant effects compared to the group receiving normal saline (P<0.01). The dose of 50 mg/kg of rosmarinic acid did not have significant antidepressant effects compared to the control group. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></div> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Conclusion:</span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> The findings indicate that rosmarinic acid in low and medium doses has obvious and significant antidepressant effects compared to the normal saline control group, but it does not have an obvious superiority compared to citalopram. An antidepressant effect was not observed in the high dose of rosmarinic acid, which could be due to the predominance of its sedative effects. Therefore, it can be concluded that the antidepressant effects of this agent are not dose-dependent and follows a U-shaped dose-response curve.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> &nbsp; رزمارینیک‌اسید, موش سوری, افسردگی, سیتالوپرام Rosmarinic acid, Mice, Depression, Citalopram, Forced swimming test, Tail suspension test. 41 52 http://jmciri.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1662-9&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Hasan Amanpour حسن امانپور 10031947532846007693 10031947532846007693 No Student Research Committee دانشگاه علوم پزشکی بقیه الله، دانشکده داروسازی Mehdi Saberi مهدی صابری 10031947532846007694 10031947532846007694 No Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy دانشگاه علوم پزشکی بقیه الله، دانشکده داروسازی Fatemeh Salem فاطمه سالم 10031947532846007695 10031947532846007695 No Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy دانشگاه علوم پزشکی بقیه الله، دانشکده داروسازی Mahdi Mashhadi Akbar Boojar مهدی مشهدی اکبربوجار mahdimashhadi@yahoo.com 10031947532846007696 10031947532846007696 Yes Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy دانشگاه علوم پزشکی بقیه الله، دانشکده داروسازی