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Arterial and venous thromboembolism is one of the most common causes of death worldwide. For almost seventy years, heparin, low molecular weight heparin, and vitamin K antagonists have been widely used in the prevention and treatment of thromboembolic disorders. However, many of the limitations of these traditional anticoagulants have led to the search for and attempts to introduce better drug therapies over the past 15 years, and a new group of oral anticoagulants specifically affecting factor X and thrombin have already been introduced and are available. This review study explains the evolution of anticoagulants with a focus on oral anticoagulants and the results of important clinical trials.

Keywords: Low molecular weight heparin, Vitamin K antagonist, Warfarin, New oral anticoagulants

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