Journal of Medical Council of Iran
Volume 44, Issue 3 (2026)
jmciri 2026, 44(3): 12-19 |
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Jamshidian M, Dormanesh B. The Nephro-Dental Nexus: Key Insights into Diagnosis, Treatment, and Oral Health Challenges in Kidney Disease. jmciri 2026; 44 (3) :12-19
URL: http://jmciri.ir/article-1-3462-en.html
URL: http://jmciri.ir/article-1-3462-en.html
Pediatric Nephrology, Pediatric Department, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Abstract: (18 Views)
Abstract
Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) stands as a significant global health concern, with its intricate link to oral health becoming increasingly evident. This narrative review navigates the current evidence surrounding the “Nephro-Dental Nexus,” exploring the bidirectional relationship between renal function and oral well-being. We begin by defining this connection and tracing its conceptual evolution through key models, including inflammatory bridging, the microbiome axis, and salivary biomarkers. The spectrum of oral manifestations in CKD patients is detailed, encompassing conditions from periodontal disease and xerostomia to uremic stomatitis and altered taste perception. Salivary diagnostic methods and the importance of routine oral screening in nephrology centers are highlighted. Therapeutic considerations address the challenges in managing periodontal disease, medication side effects, and specific risks associated with dental procedures in CKD patients, underscoring the necessity for interdisciplinary collaboration. Practical implications for healthcare providers, patients, and policymakers are discussed, alongside critical reflections on existing studies that identify gaps such as the paucity of longitudinal investigations and the need for standardized diagnostic criteria. This review emphasizes the urgent requirement for integrated care models and advanced research to mitigate the oral health consequences of CKD and enhance overall patient outcomes, advocating for a paradigm shift towards comprehensive, patient-centered renal-dental healthcare
Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) stands as a significant global health concern, with its intricate link to oral health becoming increasingly evident. This narrative review navigates the current evidence surrounding the “Nephro-Dental Nexus,” exploring the bidirectional relationship between renal function and oral well-being. We begin by defining this connection and tracing its conceptual evolution through key models, including inflammatory bridging, the microbiome axis, and salivary biomarkers. The spectrum of oral manifestations in CKD patients is detailed, encompassing conditions from periodontal disease and xerostomia to uremic stomatitis and altered taste perception. Salivary diagnostic methods and the importance of routine oral screening in nephrology centers are highlighted. Therapeutic considerations address the challenges in managing periodontal disease, medication side effects, and specific risks associated with dental procedures in CKD patients, underscoring the necessity for interdisciplinary collaboration. Practical implications for healthcare providers, patients, and policymakers are discussed, alongside critical reflections on existing studies that identify gaps such as the paucity of longitudinal investigations and the need for standardized diagnostic criteria. This review emphasizes the urgent requirement for integrated care models and advanced research to mitigate the oral health consequences of CKD and enhance overall patient outcomes, advocating for a paradigm shift towards comprehensive, patient-centered renal-dental healthcare
Keywords: CKD, Nephro-Dental Nexus, Interdisciplinary Collaboration, Oral Manifestations, Dental Considerations
Type of Study: Review |
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