Journal of Medical Council of Iran
Volume 44, Issue 2 (2026)
jmciri 2026, 44(2): 67-72 |
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Heshmatipour H, Mostafaei Z, Zeydi M, Rouhani M H. Medical Nutrition Therapy in a Pediatric Patient with Nephrotic Syndrome and COVID-19: A Case Report. jmciri 2026; 44 (2) :67-72
URL: http://jmciri.ir/article-1-3406-en.html
URL: http://jmciri.ir/article-1-3406-en.html
Medical Nutrition Therapy in a Pediatric Patient with Nephrotic Syndrome and COVID-19: A Case Report
Nutrition and Food Security Research Center and Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
Abstract: (19 Views)
Abstract
Background: A new comprehensive report shows that people hospitalized with COVID-19 are at significant risk of AKI, which can lead to serious illness, dialysis, and even death. In this case report, we detail the nutritional therapy provided to a 5-year-old girl exhibiting symptoms such as eye deviation, constriction, impaired consciousness, and elevated creatinine levels. The patient had a history of nephrotic syndrome at the age of one and was currently suffering from a COVID-19 infection. Upon initial referral, her blood tests revealed high potassium levels at 5.9 mg/dL and phosphorus at 9.1 mg/dL, along with low serum calcium at 8.1 mg/dL. However, her hemoglobin, hematocrit, and lipid profile were within normal ranges. Her BMI-for-age Z-score was -0.44.
Case Report: A dietary plan was implemented, offering 1800 Kcal per day with a macronutrient distribution of 51% carbohydrates, 14% protein, and 35% fat. The diet consisted of 1 serving of dairy, 6.7 servings of grains, 3 servings of sugars, 5 servings of meats, 0.5 servings of legumes, 0.5 servings of nuts, and 5.9 servings of fats. Daily fruit intake included two medium-potassium fruits and one high-potassium fruit, along with one serving of a low-potassium vegetable, two medium-potassium vegetables, and one high-potassium vegetable. The diet provided 1180 mg of sodium, 982 mg of phosphorus, and 2555 mg of potassium.
Conclusion: After one year of hemodialysis and nutritional therapy, her BMI-for-age Z-score improved significantly to -0.33. Her potassium levels decreased to 5.1 mg/dL, phosphorus levels dropped to 6.2 mg/dL, and calcium levels increased to 9.1 mg/dl.
Conclusion: Growth impairment is common in children undergoing hemodialysis, and 32medical nutrition therapy can play a crucial role in addressing this issue.
Background: A new comprehensive report shows that people hospitalized with COVID-19 are at significant risk of AKI, which can lead to serious illness, dialysis, and even death. In this case report, we detail the nutritional therapy provided to a 5-year-old girl exhibiting symptoms such as eye deviation, constriction, impaired consciousness, and elevated creatinine levels. The patient had a history of nephrotic syndrome at the age of one and was currently suffering from a COVID-19 infection. Upon initial referral, her blood tests revealed high potassium levels at 5.9 mg/dL and phosphorus at 9.1 mg/dL, along with low serum calcium at 8.1 mg/dL. However, her hemoglobin, hematocrit, and lipid profile were within normal ranges. Her BMI-for-age Z-score was -0.44.
Case Report: A dietary plan was implemented, offering 1800 Kcal per day with a macronutrient distribution of 51% carbohydrates, 14% protein, and 35% fat. The diet consisted of 1 serving of dairy, 6.7 servings of grains, 3 servings of sugars, 5 servings of meats, 0.5 servings of legumes, 0.5 servings of nuts, and 5.9 servings of fats. Daily fruit intake included two medium-potassium fruits and one high-potassium fruit, along with one serving of a low-potassium vegetable, two medium-potassium vegetables, and one high-potassium vegetable. The diet provided 1180 mg of sodium, 982 mg of phosphorus, and 2555 mg of potassium.
Conclusion: After one year of hemodialysis and nutritional therapy, her BMI-for-age Z-score improved significantly to -0.33. Her potassium levels decreased to 5.1 mg/dL, phosphorus levels dropped to 6.2 mg/dL, and calcium levels increased to 9.1 mg/dl.
Conclusion: Growth impairment is common in children undergoing hemodialysis, and 32medical nutrition therapy can play a crucial role in addressing this issue.
Keywords: Medical Nutrition Therapy, COVID-19, End-Stage Renal Disease, Child Growth, Nephrotic syndrome
Type of Study: case report |
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