Journal of Medical Council of Iran
مجله علمی پژوهشی سازمان نظام پزشکی
Volume 42, Issue 3 (2024)
jmciri 2024, 42(3): 22-31 |
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Rafighi D, Anzabi Y. Frequency of OXA-48 and OXA-23 Genes in Strains Resistant to Cephalosporins and Carbapenem Antibiotics in Acinetobacter baumannii Isolated from One of the Public Hospitals in Tabriz, Iran. jmciri 2024; 42 (3) :22-31
URL: http://jmciri.ir/article-1-3308-en.html
URL: http://jmciri.ir/article-1-3308-en.html
Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tabriz Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran & Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
Abstract: (768 Views)
Abstract
Background: Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) is a Gram-negative, aerobic, catalase-positive, and oxidase-negative bacterium that causes respiratory, urinary, blood, wound, and burn infections in patients. Antibiotic resistance, especially in A. baumannii, has become a global challenge. Previous studies have shown an increasing prevalence of OXA-48 and OXA-23 genes in this bacterium. This study aimed to investigate the frequency of OXA-48 and OXA-23 resistance genes in A. baumannii isolates resistant to cephalosporins and carbapenems using the molecular PCR method
Methods: In this descriptive-cross-sectional study, 497 clinical samples, including blood (135 samples), sputum (92 samples), urine (130 samples), pleural fluid (61 samples), wound, and tracheal aspirates (79 samples) were collected from hospitalized patients at Ali-Nasab Hospital in Tabriz. After culturing on general and specific media and performing biochemical tests, A. baumannii was identified. Following antibiogram testing to determine the drug resistance of the isolates, molecular PCR was used to detect the presence of OXA-48 and OXA-23 genes.
Results: Out of a total of 497 clinical samples, 50 A. baumannii isolates were identified, of which 60% were from female patients. Clinical samples from the ICU accounted for the highest proportion of A. baumannii isolates with a frequency of 26%. The highest resistance rate was observed against ceftazidime with a frequency of 98%. On the other hand, molecular analysis showed that 97.95% of the 50 resistant isolates carried the OXA-48 gene and 77.55% carried the OXA-23 gene. For the OXA-48 gene, P-value <0/001, and for the OXA-23 gene, P-value=0.075, indicated a significant association between the presence of the OXA-48 gene and antibiotic resistance, with no significant association between the presence of the OXA-23 gene and antibiotic resistance.
Conclusion: The high prevalence of resistance to ceftazidime and the OXA-48 and OXA-23 genes in A. baumannii indicates excessive antibiotic use. The results of this study align with previous findings showing a high prevalence of OXA-48 and OXA-23 genes in A. baumannii and emphasize the importance of hospital infection control and rational antibiotic use.
Background: Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) is a Gram-negative, aerobic, catalase-positive, and oxidase-negative bacterium that causes respiratory, urinary, blood, wound, and burn infections in patients. Antibiotic resistance, especially in A. baumannii, has become a global challenge. Previous studies have shown an increasing prevalence of OXA-48 and OXA-23 genes in this bacterium. This study aimed to investigate the frequency of OXA-48 and OXA-23 resistance genes in A. baumannii isolates resistant to cephalosporins and carbapenems using the molecular PCR method
Methods: In this descriptive-cross-sectional study, 497 clinical samples, including blood (135 samples), sputum (92 samples), urine (130 samples), pleural fluid (61 samples), wound, and tracheal aspirates (79 samples) were collected from hospitalized patients at Ali-Nasab Hospital in Tabriz. After culturing on general and specific media and performing biochemical tests, A. baumannii was identified. Following antibiogram testing to determine the drug resistance of the isolates, molecular PCR was used to detect the presence of OXA-48 and OXA-23 genes.
Results: Out of a total of 497 clinical samples, 50 A. baumannii isolates were identified, of which 60% were from female patients. Clinical samples from the ICU accounted for the highest proportion of A. baumannii isolates with a frequency of 26%. The highest resistance rate was observed against ceftazidime with a frequency of 98%. On the other hand, molecular analysis showed that 97.95% of the 50 resistant isolates carried the OXA-48 gene and 77.55% carried the OXA-23 gene. For the OXA-48 gene, P-value <0/001, and for the OXA-23 gene, P-value=0.075, indicated a significant association between the presence of the OXA-48 gene and antibiotic resistance, with no significant association between the presence of the OXA-23 gene and antibiotic resistance.
Conclusion: The high prevalence of resistance to ceftazidime and the OXA-48 and OXA-23 genes in A. baumannii indicates excessive antibiotic use. The results of this study align with previous findings showing a high prevalence of OXA-48 and OXA-23 genes in A. baumannii and emphasize the importance of hospital infection control and rational antibiotic use.
Keywords: Acinetobacter baumannii, Beta-lactamases, Drug resistance, Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)
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